SLU-PP-332 for Laboratory Use: Exercise Metabolic Activation
You are welcome to Kimera Chems’ elaborated guide on SLU-PP-332 peptides. It is an exercise-mimicking synthetic research chemical of interest due to its metabolic-influencing properties.
In this overview, we are going to tell you about the main properties of this compound. Follow us in the exploration of the chemical composition, the mechanism of its action, and the results obtained in studies. Irrespective of your reason, this guide will assist you in gaining awareness regarding the purpose of SLU-PP-332 in the laboratory.
Let’s begin!
Chemistry and Structure
- IUPAC Name: 4-hydroxy-N-(Z)-naphthalen-2-ylmethylideneamino]benzamide
- Molecular Formula: C18H14N2O2
- Molecular Weight: 290.32 g/mol approx
- CAS Number: 303760-60-3
Wondering what is SLU-PP-332? It contains a hydrazone bond comprising a hydroxybenzamide and a naphthalene ring. This is an essential structure of the Z-isomer, important in receptor binding. It is hydrophobic and almost insoluble in water. However, it dissolves readily in DMSO or DMF. As a yellow crystalline powder, it can be used in in vitro and in vivo research environments.
Mechanism of Action
SLU-PP-332 for sale is a pan-agonist of the estrogen-related receptor (ERR) family, specifically ERRalpha, a key mediator of energy metabolism. ERRs are orphan nuclear receptors, with transcriptional regulation of genes related to mitochondrial activity, fatty acid oxidation, and glucose metabolism.
When the compound is bound, it augments the interaction of ERR with coactivators such as PGC-1alpha. It increases the expression of genes which mimic the actions of aerobic exercise, including:
Mitochondrial biogenesis
It increases the expression of such factors as TFAM, which enhances the replication and maintenance of mitochondria.
Oxidative metabolism
Activates the gene expression of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and cellular respiration capacity increases.
Fatty acid utilization
Increases the catabolism of fats by stimulating the genes involved in assisting the entry of fatty acids into mitochondria. It also accelerates the process of oxidation.
Energy-sensing pathways
Stimulates the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. It is a pathway that would typically be activated when cellular energy is low, causing additional fat burning.
The outcome is a cellular condition ideal to support oxidative metabolism and energy, even without an actual physical activity.
Pharmacokinetics
SLU-PP-332 peptides for sale are consistent with their chemical nature in preclinical (primarily rodent) studies. Oral bioavailability is moderate (approximately 40 to 50% in mice). The compound is widely distributed to metabolically active tissues, such as the liver, skeletal muscle, and fat. It accumulates in cells that are rich in mitochondria.
Vitro metabolism experiments indicate that it is predominantly metabolized by liver enzymes (CYP450s) and later may be conjugated in a phase-II manner (glucuronidation). The resulting metabolites are excreted mainly through the biliary system into feces. The plasma elimination half-life has been estimated in rodents to be on the order of 8 to 10 hours. Importantly, it does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier well (a few percent of plasma concentrations enter the brain). Thus, its actions in the central nervous system are trivial.
Biological Effects
Metabolic Regulation
This insulin-sensitizing agent decreases fasting glucose, triglyceride levels, and cholesterol levels in preclinical models. It also reduces the build-up of fat in the liver.
Fat Oxidation
SLU-PP-332 peptide favors fat burning by increasing the activity of the mitochondria, which produce energy. It restrains the weight gain without appetite reduction in high-fat diet mice, suggesting a genuine increase in energy expenditure.
Skeletal Muscle Build Up
There is also an increased density of mitochondria and glucose transport in muscle tissues. There is a notable improvement in endurance performance in treated mice, even without exercise training.
Resemblance in Gene Expression
The signature of genes in treated cells and animals resembles the signatures elicited by fasting or exercise, especially mitochondrial and lipid metabolism genes.
Anti-Aging and Anti-Inflammatory Properties
It can mitigate the decline in mitochondrial activity and lower the levels of inflammatory cytokines. It also stimulates autophagy and mitophagy in old animals, which is essential to allow cell renewal.
Cardiac Support
Its cardiac output is supportive in models of heart failure, and it has anti-fibrotic effects. This is with the enhanced energy metabolism in the myocardium.
Preclinical Research Applications
Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome
SLU-PP-332 peptides for sale (50 mg/kg) treated mice maintained on a high-fat diet cause:
- Less fat gain
- Improved tolerance to glucose
- Decreased fat in the liver
- Reduced levels of inflammation
This is observed without an increase or decrease in food consumption due to a special activation mechanism of metabolism.
Exercise Mimicry
SLU-PP-332 increases the endurance performance of sedentary animals. There is an upregulation of mitochondrial genes and capillary density in muscle biopsies, which resembles that of trained animals.
Cardiac Performance Investigations
The compound is in rodent models of heart failure. It favors energy balance in cardiac cells and maintains cardiac performance. It also minimizes fibrotic remodelling, which is a usual result of chronic stress on the heart.
Aging Biology
Preclinical studies suggest that the compound caused the following in older rodents:
- Rejuvenated kidney and liver respiration in mitochondria
- Reduced biomarkers of oxidative stress
- Enhanced cellular garbage collection through autophagy
If you are wondering about where to buy slu-pp-332 for further research, then our reliable platform, Kimera Chems, is the way to go.
Gene Function
SLU-PP-332 is very common in the gene validation procedures with ERR. Such selective activation of ERRs in vivo will allow investigators to establish how individual genes react to metabolic changes and energy stress.
Summing Up
SLU-PP-332 peptide is a compound of scientific interest in the laboratory regarding the study of metabolic biology and exercise physiology. It can activate estrogen-related receptors selectively and endure exercise.
Scholars have seen consistent outcomes on mitochondrial performance, fat oxidation, glucose metabolism, and muscle adaptation in preclinical models. All these results demonstrate the potential of the compound as a potent research reagent with its use in the investigation of metabolic disorders, muscle physiology, aging, and similar areas of interest.
Kimera Chems offers SLU-PP-332 peptides for sale for scientific research quality. We would like to ask scientists to responsibly use this compound in regulations. Although it demonstrates interesting outcomes in laboratory tests, it cannot be regarded in any way as a dietary supplement or medication. Treat SLU-PP-332 with regular laboratory care, and get into the process of discovering its full potential.