NAD+

NAD⁺ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) Phosphate Buffered Solution

NAD⁺ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) Phosphate Buffered Solution is a stabilized aqueous reagent containing NAD⁺. By utilizing a phosphate-buffered system, this formulation maintains an optimal pH environment, which preserves the structural integrity and stability of the dinucleotide molecule during laboratory manipulation. As a fundamental redox coenzyme, this solution is an essential reagent for investigators exploring cellular bioenergetics, mitochondrial metabolic flux, and the activity of NAD⁺-dependent signaling enzymes in controlled in vitro environments.

Physical & Handling Properties

Mechanism of Action & Research Context

NAD⁺ serves as a central electron carrier in cellular respiration, facilitating the fundamental transfer of electrons in oxidative phosphorylation and metabolic pathways.

• Redox Cycling: It functions as a reversible coenzyme, oscillating between the oxidized state (NAD⁺) and the reduced state (NADH). This cycle is the foundation of energy metabolism in both the mitochondria and the cytosol.

• Enzymatic Cofactor Activity: Beyond respiration, NAD⁺ is a mandatory co-substrate for key regulatory enzymes, including Sirtuins (SIRTs)—which govern longevity and metabolic adaptation—and Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs), which are critical for DNA repair and cellular stress responses.

• Buffered Stability: The phosphate buffer system prevents pH-induced hydrolysis of the diphosphate bridge, ensuring that the concentration remains consistent throughout complex experimental protocols.

Research Applications

This solution is utilized as a specialized benchmark for high-fidelity studies in cellular biology and biochemistry.

Primary fields of in vitro laboratory investigation include:

• Mitochondrial Bioenergetics: Assessing oxidative phosphorylation rates and mitochondrial respiration flux in response to varying NAD⁺ concentrations.

• Sirtuin and PARP Signaling: Studying the activation kinetics of NAD⁺-dependent deacetylases and DNA repair enzymes.

• Metabolic Stress Models: Investigating the depletion and replenishment of NAD⁺ pools under induced oxidative or genotoxic stress conditions.

• Enzyme Kinetics: Utilizing the reagent to map the catalytic activity of NAD⁺-dependent dehydrogenases.

Storage & Handling Guidelines

Storage after receipt: refrigerate at 2-8 °C. Do not freeze. Refrigeration is a post-receipt storage condition, not a transit requirement.

Storage guidance is a house recommendation. Analytical documentation is per-lot release testing.

References

• Verdin E. (2015) NAD+ in aging, metabolism, and neurodegeneration. Science. 350(6265):1208–1213.

• Imai SI, Guarente L. (2014) NAD+ and sirtuins in aging and disease. Trends in Cell Biology. 24(8):464–471.

• Katsyuba E, Auwerx J. (2017) Modulating NAD+ metabolism as a therapeutic strategy for disease. The EMBO Journal. 36(24):3591–3605.

Analytical Documentation

Purity, identity, and composition vary by manufacturing lot. Kimera Chems does not publish a single fixed purity figure for this item; refer to the batch-specific Certificate of Analysis (COA) issued for the lot received, which reflects third-party analytical testing for that lot. Contact us if a COA for your lot is required.

Related Research Compounds

• Coenzyme Q10
• HERC (MTB)
• L-Carnitine
• LIPO MIC/NAD+

Research Use Disclaimer

Research Use Only Disclaimer: This product is labeled and sold "For Research Use Only — NOT FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION." It is not a drug, dietary supplement, food, cosmetic, or medical device, and it is not approved by the FDA or any other regulator for human or veterinary use. It is supplied to approved account holders as a research chemical for laboratory use and must be handled in accordance with applicable law.